The past year in GLP-1 therapy: semaglutide and other GLP-1 receptor agonists across diabetes, obesity, heart, kidney and liver outcomes, each summarised in the MedShorts 360 format with its date and source.
EndocrinologySemaglutide improved every cardiovascular risk marker examined in SELECT; waist circumference and hsCRP carried the largest share of the 20% MACE reduction.
EndocrinologySemaglutide reduced body fat by 11.1 L and thigh-muscle fat infiltration versus placebo, while sit-to-stand performance was maintained.
EndocrinologyWith semaglutide (Wegovy) and resmetirom now approved for MASH with F2–F3 fibrosis, an expert panel gives a practical care pathway.
EndocrinologyAcross 25,816 participants, GLP-1 RAs and co-agonists produced substantial weight loss; GI effects were common but serious adverse events rare.
EndocrinologyIn insulin-naive type 2 diabetes, weekly insulin icodec plus semaglutide gave better HbA1c and weight, with 44% fewer significant hypoglycaemia episodes.
EndocrinologyPooling 30,787 participants from three outcome trials, semaglutide lowered the composite of major kidney events and cardiovascular death versus placebo (HR 0.84).
EndocrinologyIn 573 overweight people on basal insulin, semaglutide 2.0 mg plus reduced glargine beat titrated glargine on HbA1c (−0.74%) and weight (−8.5 kg), with less severe hypoglycaemia.
EndocrinologyA GRADE-rated review of 24 outcomes found that larger weight loss generally came with more harms and discontinuations, and few drugs improved quality of life meaningfully.
EndocrinologyIn 217,920 matched US adults, tirzepatide was associated with lower risks of heart failure, MI, stroke and AF than semaglutide over three years.
EndocrinologyIn 72 people with depression and higher BMI, 16 weeks of semaglutide reduced the perceived cost of effort and improved motivated behaviour.
EndocrinologyIn a 60-week double-blind trial, semaglutide reduced energy intake at a buffet lunch by 240–292 kcal versus placebo at every time point.
EndocrinologyAstraZeneca's oral small-molecule GLP-1 RA, taken without food restrictions, reduced HbA1c by 0.91–1.88% versus 0.15% with placebo.
EndocrinologyThe fixed-dose amylin–GLP-1 combination (2.4 mg each) was superior to semaglutide 2.4 mg for glycaemic control in people on metformin.
EndocrinologyPeople who switched from semaglutide kept 79% of their weight loss on orforglipron at one year versus 38% on placebo.
EndocrinologyIn 108 treatment-seeking patients, semaglutide 2.4 mg plus CBT cut heavy drinking days by an extra 13.7 percentage points versus placebo over 26 weeks.
EndocrinologyIn SELECT participants with FIB-4 ≥1.3, semaglutide reduced MACE by 26% and lowered fatty liver index by 28% versus placebo.
EndocrinologyIn 9,650 people with type 2 diabetes and ASCVD or CKD, oral semaglutide lowered heart-failure events in those with prior heart failure, without more serious adverse events.
EndocrinologyTwo phase 3 trials in 3,798 people with early Alzheimer's found no difference in CDR-SB decline at 104 weeks versus placebo.
EndocrinologyIn 507 adults with obesity, the combination produced greater weight loss than semaglutide 2.4 mg alone (−14.2 kg) at 48 weeks.
EndocrinologyIn type 2 diabetes on metformin, orforglipron 12 mg and 36 mg were superior to oral semaglutide 7 mg and 14 mg on HbA1c at 52 weeks.
EndocrinologyPooled adjusted observational data did not show a consistent overall increase in non-arteritic ischaemic optic neuropathy with semaglutide, though certainty was low.
EndocrinologyAcross 51,557 participants, semaglutide lowered major limb events (OR 0.70) with no heterogeneity, in both diabetes and obesity.
EndocrinologyAmong 17,604 people with obesity and cardiovascular disease, semaglutide reduced total hospital admissions and days in hospital versus placebo.
EndocrinologyOral semaglutide reduced annual eGFR loss by 0.40 mL/min/1.73 m² versus placebo over four years, although hard kidney composites were not significantly different.
EndocrinologyAcross 5,411 non-diabetic adults with overweight or obesity, oral and injectable semaglutide reduced waist by 9.3 cm and raised the odds of ≥5% weight loss 2.6-fold.